Pollution is any undesirable change in physical, chemical or biological characteristics of air, land, water or soil. Agents that bring about such an undesirable change are called as pollutants.In order…
In our biosphere immense diversity (or heterogeneity) exists not only at the species level but at all levels of biological organisation ranging from macromolecules within cells to biomes. Biodiversity is the…
Terrestrial and the aquaticForest, grassland and desert are some examples of terrestrial ecosystems; pond, lake, wetland, river and estuary are some examples of aquatic ecosystems.Crop fields and an aquarium may…
Major Abiotic Factors Temperature:the most ecologically relevant environmental factor.the average temperature on land varies seasonally, decreases progressively from the equator towards the poles and from plains to the mountain tops. ranges…
DISASTERSDisaster is an undesirable occurrence resulting from forces that are largely outside human control, strikes quickly with little or no warning, which causes or threatens serious disruption of life and…
the mixture of rock debris and organic materials which develop on the earth‘s surface. The major factors affecting the formation of soil are relief, parent material, climate, vegetation and other…
refers to a plant community that has been left undisturbed over a long time, so as to allow its individual species to adjust themselves to climate and soil conditions as…
Weather is the momentary state of the atmosphere while climate refers to the average of the weather conditions over a longer period of time. Weather changes quickly, may be within…
flow of water through well-defined channels is known as ‗drainage‘ and the network of such channels is called a drainage system.is the outcome of the geological time period, nature and…
earth is approximately 460 million years old. Over these long years, it has undergone many changes brought about primarily by the endogenic and exogenic forces.These forces have played a significant…
India, extends from Kashmir in the north to Kanniyakumari in the south and Arunachal Pradesh in the east to Gujarat in the west. India‘s territorial limit further extends towards the…
Green chemistry is a way of thinking and is about utilising the existing knowledge and principles of chemistry and other sciences to reduce the adverse impact on environment.Utilization of existing…
Industrial solid wastes are also sorted out as biodegradable and non-degradable wastes. Biodegradable wastes are generated by cotton mills, food processing units, paper mills, and textile factories.Non-biodegradable wastes are generated…
insecticides, pesticides and herbicides cause soil pollution. Pesticides Prior to World War II, many naturally occurring chemicals such as nicotine (by planting tobacco plants in the crop field), were used…
Acid rain is harmful for agriculture, trees and plants as it dissolves and washes away nutrients needed for their growth.It causes respiratory ailments in human beings and animals.When acid rain…
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION Environmental pollution is the effect of undesirable changes in our surroundings that have harmful effects on plants, animals and human beings. A substance, which causes pollution, is known as…
Ganga Action Plan. This multi-crore project came about in 1985 because the quality of the water in the Ganga was very poor Coliform is a group of bacteria, found in…
Eco-system — what are its components? All the interacting organisms in an area together with the non-living constituents of the environment form an ecosystem. an ecosystem consists of biotic components…
Resources On The Earth the land, the water and the air, outer crust of the Earth is called the lithosphere, Water covers 75% of the Earth’s surface comprise the hydrosphere,…
Rainfall is measured by an instrument called the rain gauge. It is basically a measuring cylinder with a funnel on top to collect rainwater. The day to-day condition of the…