SEX COMPOSITION-
- The ratio between the number of women and men in the population is called the Sex Ratio.
- In India, the sex ratio is worked out using the formula: Female Population/ Male Population× 1000 …
SEX COMPOSITION-
- The ratio between the number of women and men in the population is called the Sex Ratio.
- In India, the sex ratio is worked out using the formula: Female Population/ Male Population× 1000 …
Age Structure
- Age structure represents the number of people of different age groups.
- Like- age group of 15- 59 indicates a large working population
Age-Sex Pyramid
- The age-sex structure of a population refers to the number of females and males in different age groups. A population pyramid is used to show the age-sex structure of the population.
Expanding Populations
- The age-sex triangular shaped pyramid with a wide base and is typical of less developed countries.
- These have larger populations in lower age groups due to high birth rates. If you construct the pyramids for Bangladesh and Mexico, it would look the same.
Constant Population
- Australia‘s age-sex pyramid is bell shaped and tapered towards the top. This shows birth and death rates are almost equal leading to a near constant population.
Declining Populations
- The Japan pyramid has a narrow base and a tapered top showing low birth and death rates.
- The population growth in developed countries is usually zero or negative
RURAL URBAN COMPOSITION
- In general terms rural areas are those where people are engaged in primary activities and urban areas are those when majority of the working population is engaged in non-primary activities.
- in countries like India, female participation in farming activity in rural area is fairly high.
- Shortage of housing, high cost of living, paucity of job opportunities and lack of security in cities, discourage women to migrate from rural to urban areas.
Literacy
- Proportion of literate population of a country in an indicator of its socio-economic development as it reveals the standard of living, social status of females, availability of educational facilities and policies of government.
- Level of economic development is both a cause and consequence of literacy.
- In India – literacy rate denotes the percentage of population above 7 years of age, who is able to read, write and have the ability to do arithmetic calculations with understanding.
Occupational Structure
- Agriculture, forestry, fishing and mining are classified as primary activities
- manufacturing as secondary,
- transport, communication and other services as tertiary
- jobs related to research and developing ideas as quaternary activities.
- The proportion of working population engaged in these four sectors is a good indicator of the levels of economic development of a nation. This is because only a developed economy with industries and infrastructure can accommodate more workers in the secondary, tertiary and quaternary sector