Vocabulary: Vocabulary development is the process of acquiring new words. The size of a child’s vocabulary between preschool and first grade is often a strong indicator of their reading comprehension in later grades. That’s why it’s so important to focus on building vocabulary skills throughout reading instruction. Vocabulary development is the process of a child increasing the number of words which he or she uses in everyday life. Children acquire vocabularies with the help of interaction with their parents, adults and other children. All normal children who grow up in normal households surrounded by conversations will acquire vocabularies which are being used around them.

Increasing vocabularies has a lot of benefits as a result of which many methods of increasing vocabularies are have been developed.

Ways for teachers to develop Learner’s Vocabulary:

• Introduce word of the day
• Play word games
• Create a word wall
• Visualize new words on paper
• Talk constantly with the child
• Bring new words to life
• Encourage the child to query for any new words they come around
• Encourage them to read books
• Put new words into context
• Encourage them to tackle challenging reads
• Encourage them to write stories
• Play games together
• Help the child to look for word roots
• Allow the child to choose what they read

Structure of Sentence

Parts of Sentences: Subject, Predicate, Object, Indirect Object, Complement

Every word in a sentence serves a specific purpose within the structure of that particular sentence. According to rules of grammar, sentence structure can sometimes be quite complicated. For the sake of simplicity, however, the basic parts of a sentence are discussed here.

The two most basic parts of a sentence are the subject and predicate.

Subject

The subject of a sentence is the person, place, or thing that is performing the action of the sentence. The subject represents what or whom the sentence is about. The simple subject usually contains a noun or pronoun and can include modifying words, phrases, or clauses.

E.G- The man . . .

Predicate

The predicate expresses action or being within the sentence. The simple predicate contains the verb and can also contain modifying words, phrases, or clauses.

E.G- The man / builds a house.

The subject and predicate make up the two basic structural parts of any complete sentence. In addition, there are other elements, contained within the subject or predicate, that add meaning or detail. These elements include the direct object, indirect object, and subject complement. All of these elements can be expanded and further combined into simple, compound, complex, or compound/complex sentences.

Direct Object

The direct object receives the action of the sentence. The direct object is usually a noun or pronoun.

E.G-    The man builds a house. 

The man builds it.

Indirect Object

The indirect object indicates to whom or for whom the action of the sentence is being done. The indirect object is usually a noun or pronoun.

E.G- The man builds his family a house. 

The man builds them a house.

Subject Complement

A subject complement either renames or describes the subject, and therefore is usually a noun, pronoun, or adjective. Subject complements occur when there is a linking verb within the sentence.

E.G-    The man is a good father. (father = noun which renames the subject)

The man seems kind. (kind = adjective which describes the subject)