Most Important Reforms and the founders
YEAR | ORGANISATION | FOUNDER |
---|---|---|
1815 | Atmiya Sabha | Rammohan Roy |
1828 | Brahmo Samaj | Rammohan Roy |
1829 | Dharma Samaj | Radhakanta Dev |
1826-31 | Young Bengal Movement | Henry Vivian Derozio |
1839 | Tattvabodhini Sabha | Devendranath Tegore |
1840 | Nirankaris | Dayal Das, Darbara Sing, etc. |
1844 | Manav Dharma Sabha | Durgaram Mancharam |
1849 | Paramhans Mandali | Dadoba Pandurang |
1857 | Namdharis | Ram Sing |
1861 | Radha Swami Satsang | Tulsi Ram |
1866 | Brahmo Samaj of India | Keshab Chandra Sen |
1866 | Dar-ul-ulum | Maulana Hussain Ahmed |
1867 | Prarthana Samaj | Atmaram Pandurang |
1875 | Arya Samaj | Dayananda Saraswati |
1875 | Theosophical Society | Blavatsky and Olcott |
1878 | Sadharan Brahmo Samaj | Anand Mohan Bose |
1884 | Deccan Education Society | G. G. Agarkar |
1886 | Mohammedan Educational Conference | Syed Ahmen Khan |
1887 | Deva Samaj | Shivnaraya Agnihotri |
1894 | Nadwah-ul-Ulam | Maulana Shibli Numani |
1897 | Ramkrishna Mission | Swami Vivekananda |
1905 | Servants of India Society | Gopal Krishna Gokhale |
1909 | Poona Seva Sadan | Mrs. Ramabai Ranade, G. K. Devdhar |
1911 | Social Service League | N.M. Joshi |
1914 | Seva Samiti | H.N. Kunzru |
Casts Movements
YEAR | ORGANISATION | FOUNDER |
---|---|---|
1815 | Atmiya Sabha | Rammohan Roy |
1828 | Brahmo Samaj | Rammohan Roy |
1829 | Dharma Samaj | Radhakanta Dev |
1826-31 | Young Bengal Movement | Henry Vivian Derozio |
1839 | Tattvabodhini Sabha | Devendranath Tegore |
1840 | Nirankaris | Dayal Das, Darbara Sing, etc. |
1844 | Manav Dharma Sabha | Durgaram Mancharam |
1849 | Paramhans Mandali | Dadoba Pandurang |
1857 | Namdharis | Ram Sing |
1861 | Radha Swami Satsang | Tulsi Ram |
1866 | Brahmo Samaj of India | Keshab Chandra Sen |
1866 | Dar-ul-ulum | Maulana Hussain Ahmed |
1867 | Prarthana Samaj | Atmaram Pandurang |
1875 | Arya Samaj | Dayananda Saraswati |
1875 | Theosophical Society | Blavatsky and Olcott |
1878 | Sadharan Brahmo Samaj | Anand Mohan Bose |
1884 | Deccan Education Society | G. G. Agarkar |
1886 | Mohammedan Educational Conference | Syed Ahmen Khan |
1887 | Deva Samaj | Shivnaraya Agnihotri |
1894 | Nadwah-ul-Ulam | Maulana Shibli Numani |
1897 | Ramkrishna Mission | Swami Vivekananda |
1905 | Servants of India Society | Gopal Krishna Gokhale |
1909 | Poona Seva Sadan | Mrs. Ramabai Ranade, G. K. Devdhar |
1911 | Social Service League | N.M. Joshi |
1914 | Seva Samiti | H.N. Kunzru |
Some leaders of Socio Religious Movement
Rammohan Roy (1772-1833)
- Born in 1772 at Radhanagar in Burdwan district in West Bengal
- He established the Atmiya Sabha in 1815
- He also founded Brahmo Samaj in 1828
- Books–Gift to monotheists, Percept of Jesus
- Founded the Hindu College with David Hare in 1817
- Abolition of Sati in 1829
- Newspapers – Samvad Kaumudi (Bengali weekly), Mirat-ul-Akhbar (editor, Persian weekly)
- Sentto England by Akbar Shah – II in 1830
- Diedin Bristol in 1833
Gopal Hari Deshmukh
- Also known as Lokhitwai.
Devendra Nath Tegore:
- Formed Tattvabodhini Sabha in 1839
- Became Acharya of Brahmo Samaj in 1842
- Brahma Dharma
Kesab Chandra Sen:
- Succeeded Devendra Nath Tegorein 1858
- Formed Brahmo Samaj of India in 1866
- Formed Indian Reform Association in 1870
- Contribution towards Native Marriage Act of 1872
Swami Vivekanand (1863 – 1902)
- Original name – Narendranath Dutta
- Parliament of Religion, Chicago, 1893
Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar
- Woman empowerment
- Founded first girls’ school with JED Bethune – 1849
Became principal of Sanskrit College – 1850
Dayanand Saraswati (1824-83)
- Original Name – Mula Shankar
- Suddhi movement
- Gave the slogan “Go back to Vedas”
- Book– Satyartha Prakash
Islamist Social Reform Movements:
Wahabi Movement
- Started around 1800
- It was based on the teaching of Waliullah(a saint of Iran)
- It was later politicized by Shah Abdul Aziz and Barelvi
Ahmadiya Movement
- Started by Mirza Ghulam Ahamad.
- He called himself incarnation of Krishna
- Believed in one god and called for Hindu-Muslim unity
Aligarh Movement
- Started by Sir Sayyed Ahmad Khan
- He was a Judicial member of Imperial Legislative council
- He was also given Knighthood in 1888
- He founded Aligarh Muslim University in 1875
- Established two organizations- Anglo Oriental education Institution and United
India Patriotic Association.
- Journal Tahdib ul Aklaq
Deoband Movement
- It claimed to be based on pure teachings of Quran and Haddis
Parsi Reform Movement
Rehnumai Mazdanyan sabha (1851)
- Established by Dada Bhai Naroji and Furdonji
- They published Raft Goftar(The Truth Teller) – a Gujrati fortnightly newspaper
Sikh Movement
Singh Sabha Movement(1873)
Akali Movement(1921)
There was a conflict between Mahants and common people for the keys of the treasury (Toshak Khana). It is known as Keys affair in Sikh history.
Sikh Gurudwara Act 1922 was passed and SGPC (Sri Gurudwara Prabandhan Committee) took over the control from Mahants according to the act.
Theosophical society
Madam HP Blavatsky and Sir Olcott began this movement in 1875 in America.
Shifted to Adyar, Madras in 1882.
Annie Besant became president in 1907
- Came to India in 1893
- Established Hindu College at Benaras in 1898
- First woman president of INC (Calcutta session, 1917)
British Acts related to social reforms
- Abolishment of Infanticide(1796)
- Abolishment of Sati(1829)
- Widow Remarriage Act(1856)
- Native Marriage Act(1872)
- Sarda Act in 1930