Most Important Reforms and the founders

YEAR

ORGANISATION

FOUNDER

1815

Atmiya Sabha

Rammohan Roy

1828

Brahmo Samaj

Rammohan Roy

1829

Dharma Samaj

Radhakanta Dev

1826-31

Young Bengal Movement

Henry Vivian Derozio

1839

Tattvabodhini Sabha

Devendranath Tegore

1840

Nirankaris

Dayal Das, Darbara Sing, etc.

1844

Manav Dharma Sabha

Durgaram Mancharam

1849

Paramhans Mandali

Dadoba Pandurang

1857

Namdharis

Ram Sing

1861

Radha Swami Satsang

Tulsi Ram

1866

Brahmo Samaj of India

Keshab Chandra Sen

1866

Dar-ul-ulum

Maulana Hussain Ahmed

1867

Prarthana Samaj

Atmaram Pandurang

1875

Arya Samaj

Dayananda Saraswati

1875

Theosophical Society

Blavatsky and Olcott

1878

Sadharan Brahmo Samaj

Anand Mohan Bose

1884

Deccan Education Society

G. G. Agarkar

1886

Mohammedan Educational Conference

Syed Ahmen Khan

1887

Deva Samaj

Shivnaraya Agnihotri

1894

Nadwah-ul-Ulam

Maulana Shibli Numani

1897

Ramkrishna Mission

Swami Vivekananda

1905

Servants of India Society

Gopal Krishna Gokhale

1909

Poona Seva Sadan

Mrs. Ramabai Ranade, G. K. Devdhar

1911

Social Service League

N.M. Joshi

1914

Seva Samiti

H.N. Kunzru

Casts Movements

YEAR

ORGANISATION

FOUNDER

1815

Atmiya Sabha

Rammohan Roy

1828

Brahmo Samaj

Rammohan Roy

1829

Dharma Samaj

Radhakanta Dev

1826-31

Young Bengal Movement

Henry Vivian Derozio

1839

Tattvabodhini Sabha

Devendranath Tegore

1840

Nirankaris

Dayal Das, Darbara Sing, etc.

1844

Manav Dharma Sabha

Durgaram Mancharam

1849

Paramhans Mandali

Dadoba Pandurang

1857

Namdharis

Ram Sing

1861

Radha Swami Satsang

Tulsi Ram

1866

Brahmo Samaj of India

Keshab Chandra Sen

1866

Dar-ul-ulum

Maulana Hussain Ahmed

1867

Prarthana Samaj

Atmaram Pandurang

1875

Arya Samaj

Dayananda Saraswati

1875

Theosophical Society

Blavatsky and Olcott

1878

Sadharan Brahmo Samaj

Anand Mohan Bose

1884

Deccan Education Society

G. G. Agarkar

1886

Mohammedan Educational Conference

Syed Ahmen Khan

1887

Deva Samaj

Shivnaraya Agnihotri

1894

Nadwah-ul-Ulam

Maulana Shibli Numani

1897

Ramkrishna Mission

Swami Vivekananda

1905

Servants of India Society

Gopal Krishna Gokhale

1909

Poona Seva Sadan

Mrs. Ramabai Ranade, G. K. Devdhar

1911

Social Service League

N.M. Joshi

1914

Seva Samiti

H.N. Kunzru

Some leaders of Socio Religious Movement

Rammohan Roy (1772-1833)

  • Born in 1772 at Radhanagar in Burdwan district in West Bengal
  • He established the Atmiya Sabha in 1815
  • He also founded Brahmo Samaj in 1828
  • Books–Gift to monotheists, Percept of Jesus
  • Founded the Hindu College with David Hare in 1817
  • Abolition of Sati in 1829
  • Newspapers – Samvad Kaumudi (Bengali weekly), Mirat-ul-Akhbar (editor, Persian weekly)
  • Sentto England by Akbar Shah – II in 1830
  • Diedin Bristol in 1833

Gopal Hari Deshmukh

  • Also known as Lokhitwai.

Devendra Nath Tegore:

  • Formed Tattvabodhini Sabha in 1839
  • Became Acharya of Brahmo Samaj in 1842
  • Brahma Dharma

Kesab Chandra Sen:

  • Succeeded Devendra Nath Tegorein 1858
  • Formed Brahmo Samaj of India in 1866
  • Formed Indian Reform Association in 1870
  • Contribution towards Native Marriage Act of 1872

Swami Vivekanand (1863 – 1902)

  • Original name – Narendranath Dutta
  • Parliament of Religion, Chicago, 1893

Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar

  • Woman empowerment
  • Founded first girls’ school with JED Bethune – 1849
  • Became principal of Sanskrit College – 1850

Dayanand Saraswati (1824-83)

  • Original Name – Mula Shankar
  • Suddhi movement
  • Gave the slogan “Go back to Vedas
  • Book– Satyartha Prakash

Islamist Social Reform Movements:

Wahabi Movement

  • Started around 1800
  • It was based on the teaching of Waliullah(a saint of Iran)
  • It was later politicized by Shah Abdul Aziz and Barelvi

Ahmadiya Movement

  • Started by Mirza Ghulam Ahamad.
  • He called himself incarnation of Krishna
  • Believed in one god and called for Hindu-Muslim unity

Aligarh Movement

  • Started by Sir Sayyed Ahmad Khan
  • He was a Judicial member of Imperial Legislative council
  • He was also given Knighthood in 1888
  • He founded Aligarh Muslim University in 1875
  • Established two organizations- Anglo Oriental education Institution and United

India Patriotic Association.

  • Journal Tahdib ul Aklaq

Deoband Movement

  • It claimed to be based on pure teachings of Quran and Haddis

Parsi Reform Movement

Rehnumai Mazdanyan sabha (1851)

  • Established by Dada Bhai Naroji and Furdonji
  • They published Raft Goftar(The Truth Teller) – a Gujrati fortnightly newspaper

Sikh Movement

Singh Sabha Movement(1873)

Akali Movement(1921)

  • There was a conflict between Mahants and common people for the keys of the treasury (Toshak Khana). It is known as Keys affair in Sikh history.

  • Sikh Gurudwara Act 1922 was passed and SGPC (Sri Gurudwara Prabandhan Committee) took over the control from Mahants according to the act.

Theosophical society

Madam HP Blavatsky and Sir Olcott began this movement in 1875 in America.

Shifted to Adyar, Madras in 1882.

Annie Besant became president in 1907

  • Came to India in 1893
  • Established Hindu College at Benaras in 1898
  • First woman president of INC (Calcutta session, 1917)

British Acts related to social reforms

  • Abolishment of Infanticide(1796)
  • Abolishment of Sati(1829)
  • Widow Remarriage Act(1856)
  • Native Marriage Act(1872)
  • Sarda Act in 1930