Natural Numbers:

All the counting numbers are called natural numbers. Example: 1, 2 3, 4, 5,6…

Even Numbers:

The numbers which are exactly divisible by 2 are called even numbers.  Example-2,4,6,8,…

Odd Numbers:

The numbers which leave a remainder 1 when divided by 2 are called odd numbers. Example:1,3,5,7…

Prime Numbers:

If a number is not divisible by any other number except 1 and itself, it is called a prime number. Example: 2, 3,5, 7, 11,…

Co-Primes:

Two numbers that have no common factor between them except 1 are said to be co-prime to each other. The two numbers individually may be prime or composite. Example: 13 and 29 are co-primes 

Composite Numbers:

Numbers that are divisible by other numbers along with 1 and itself are called composite numbers.Example: 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, …

(The number 1 is neither prime nor composite)

Whole Numbers:

Natural numbers along with 0 forms the set of whole numbers Example: 0, 1, 2,3,…

Integers:

All counting numbers and their negatives along with zero are called Integers. Example -4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4…

Rational and Irrational Numbers:

Any number which can be expressed in the form of p/q, where p and q are integers and q≠0, is a rational number. Example: 5/3,4,-6 etc.

Numbers that are represented by non-terminating and non-recurring decimals are called irrational numbers.Example:2=1.414..,3=1.732…

Real Numbers:

Rational and irrational numbers taken together are called real numbers.